Non Destructive Testing

I. Ultrasonic Testing

1. Fundamentals of Sound and Ultrasonic Testing :

•   Basic principles of sound propagation
•   Generation and detection of ultrasonic waves
•   Behaviour of sound in different materials

2. Ultrasonic Flaw Detection :

•   Introduction to ultrasonic flaw detectors
•   Signal interpretation and flaw characterization

3. Weld Inspection Using Angled Beam Probes :

•   Principles and application of angled beam testing
•   Weld scanning techniques for defect detection

4. Welding Processes and Weld Defects :

•   Overview of common welding processes
•   Identification and classification of weld defects

5. Practical Training and Calibration :

•   Standard calibration procedures using reference blocks
•   Testing of specimens with simulated flaws
•   Examination of parent plates and butt welds

6. Code Compliance and Reporting :

•   Writing inspection instructions and procedures
•   Interpretation and recording of test results
•   Compliance with industry codes and standards

II. Corrosion Monitoring in Ultrasonic Testing

1. Fundamentals of Materials and Corrosion :

•   Properties of materials and their response to environmental conditions
•   Theory of corrosion and erosion
•   Types of corrosion and contributing factors

2. Corrosion Prevention and Monitoring :

•   Common locations for corrosion and high-risk areas
•   Inspection and monitoring techniques
•   Key variables affecting corrosion progression

3. Ultrasonic Testing for Corrosion Detection :

•   Principles of ultrasonic thickness measurement
•   Application of UT for corrosion mapping and monitoring
•   Interpretation of UT signals for corrosion assessment

4. Structural Damage and Material Degradation :

•   Mechanisms of structural damage due to corrosion
•   Degradation of materials in in-service conditions
•   Failure types and their impact on structural integrity

III. Liquid Penetrant Testing

1. Fundamentals of Liquid Penetrant Testing :

•   Basic principles of LPT
•   Methods and applications
•   Compatibility of materials and penetrant selection

2. Equipment and Penetrant Properties :

•   Types of penetrants and their characteristics
•   Developer and emulsifier properties
•   Equipment used in LPT

3. Testing Procedures :

•   Step-by-step process of LPT
•   Pre-cleaning, application, dwell time, and development
•   Techniques for optimal defect detection

4. Interpretation and Documentation :

•   Identification and classification of indications
•   Recording and reporting test results
•   Acceptance criteria based on codes and standards

5. Safety and Compliance :

•   Safe handling of penetrants and chemicals
•   Workplace safety measures
•   Compliance with industry regulations and standards

IV. Magnetic particle Testing

1. Fundamentals of Magnetism :

•   Principles of magnetism and magnetic fields
•   Magnetic induction, permeability, and reluctance
•   Magnetization techniques and their applications

2. Lines of Force and Magnetic Particle Testing Methods :

•   Understanding magnetic flux and lines of force
•   Techniques for detecting discontinuities
•   Different MPT methods (wet, dry, yoke, coil, prod, etc.)

3. Interpretation of Indications :

•   Identification and classification of indications
•   Evaluation of discontinuities based on industry standards
•   Factors affecting indication visibility and reliability

4. Demagnetization and Sensitivity Assessment :

•   Methods of demagnetization and residual field control
•   Techniques for assessing sensitivity and detection capabilities

5. Practical Exercises and Instruction Writing :

•   Hands-on testing with various MPT methods
•   Writing clear and effective inspection instructions
•   Compliance with industry codes and standards

V. Radiographic Testing

1. Welding Processes and Weld Defects :

•   Overview of common welding methods
•   Identification and classification of weld defects
•   Effects of defects on structural integrity

2. Principles of Radiographic Testing :

•   Properties of X-rays and gamma rays
•   Interaction of radiation with materials
•   Selection and use of screens and filters

3. Radiographic Film and Image Quality :

•   Film types, selection, and handling
•   Film development and processing techniques
•   Factors affecting contrast and definition
•   Use of image quality indicators (IQI)

4. X-ray and Gamma-ray Equipment :

•   Components and operation of RT equipment
•   Selection of exposure angles and aspect ratios
•   Defect depth location and interpretation techniques

5. Radiation Safety and Regulations :

•   Ionizing radiation hazards and protection measures
•   Regulatory requirements and compliance
•   Safe handling and storage of radioactive sources

6. Practical Application and Reporting :

•   Radiographic testing of welds and castings
•   Interpretation of radiographs and defect classification
•   Documentation and report writing as per industry standards

VI. Radiographic Film Interpretation

1. Basics of Radiographic Testing (RT) :

•   Principles of X-ray and gamma-ray radiography
•   Radiation interaction with materials

2. Radiographic Film & Image Quality :

•   Film types, selection, and processing
•   Image quality indicators (IQI), contrast, and resolution

3. Radiographic Interpretation Techniques :

•   Identifying and classifying defects
•   Reference standards and acceptance criteria

4. Weld Defects & Interpretation :

•   Common welding defects (porosity, cracks, lack of fusion, etc.)
•   Radiographic evaluation of welds

5. Casting & Forging Defects :

•   Typical casting and forging defects
•   Film interpretation for cast and forged materials

6. Viewing & Reporting :

•   Proper film viewing techniques
•   Defect identification, documentation, and report writing

7. Radiation Safety & Compliance :

•   Ionizing radiation hazards and protection
•   Regulatory standards and safety guidelines

8. Practical Film Interpretation :

•   Hands-on interpretation exercises
•   Multiple-choice questions and discussions for learning reinforcement

VII. Visual Testing

1. Introduction to Visual Testing (VT) :

•   Principles and importance of VT in NDT
•   Applications and limitations of VT

2. Lighting and Equipment :

•   Types of lighting used in VT
•   Inspection tools (magnifiers, borescopes, mirrors, cameras, etc.)

3. Surface Conditions & Preparation :

•   Effects of surface cleanliness on inspection
•   Proper surface preparation techniques

4. Welding Processes & Defects :

•   Common weld defects (cracks, porosity, undercut, etc.)
•   Visual inspection of welds

5. Casting, Forging & Material Defects :

•   Surface defects in castings and forgings
•   Material discontinuities and their visual characteristics

6. Inspection Procedures & Standards :

•   Step-by-step visual inspection techniques
•   Industry codes and acceptance criteria (ASME, ISO, AWS, etc.)

7. Documentation & Reporting :

•   Recording observations and defect classification
•   Writing VT inspection reports

8. Practical Training & Evaluation :

•   Hands-on VT exercises
•   Case studies and discussions on real-world inspections

VIII. Eddy Current Testing

1. Introduction to Eddy Current Testing (ECT) :

•   Principles of electromagnetic induction
•   Applications and advantages of surface ECT

2. Eddy Current Theory :

•   Generation of eddy currents
•   Factors affecting eddy current response (conductivity, permeability, frequency)

3. Equipment & Instrumentation :

•   Probes and coil types
•   Calibration and sensitivity settings

4. Surface Inspection Techniques :

•   Detection of surface cracks, corrosion, and material defects
•   Effect of probe orientation and scanning techniques

5. Material Properties & Effects :

•   Influence of material thickness and conductivity
•   Lift-off, edge effect, and shielding considerations

6. Standards & Procedures :

•   Industry codes and acceptance criteria (ASME, ISO, ASTM, etc.)
•   Step-by-step inspection process

7. Data Interpretation & Reporting :

•   Signal analysis and defect characterization
•   Documentation and report writing

8. Practical Training & Evaluation :

•   Hands-on testing with various probes
•   Case studies and real-world applications